Sport-specific musculoskeletal growth and postural control in female artistic gymnasts: a 12 month cohort study     

Hannah E. Wyatt  Marianne J. R. Gittoes  Gareth Irwin 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2020,19(2):258-270

Abstract

Female gymnasts have been evidenced to experience sport-specific growth, of which broad shoulders and narrow hips are common characteristics. In addition to being a central component of handstand performance, postural control mechanisms, including whole-body and lumbo-pelvic stability, have been identified as risk factors for overuse spinal pathology. The study aimed to develop a fundamental understanding of musculoskeletal growth and postural control responses of female artistic gymnasts in order to extend longitudinal insights into overuse spinal pathology risk. Whole-body anthropometric measures were collected for 12 competitive female gymnasts (age at recruitment: nine to 15 years) at three time points across a 12 month period. Musculoskeletal growth was partially defined as the rate of bicristal-to-biacromial breadth ratio development, and informed shoulder- and pelvis-dominant growth sub-groups. Kinematic and kinetic indicators of postural control were determined for a total of 700 handstand trials. The shoulder-dominant (gymnastics-specific) growth group was found to have significantly greater biomechanical risk for general stability (p < 0.001) than the pelvis-dominant group. Significantly greater lumbo-pelvic risk was demonstrated for the pelvis-dominant group (p < 0.001). Extended idiosyncratic examination of proportional sport-specific growth measures alongside multi-faceted risk monitoring was advocated for the effective development of future overuse pathology prevention protocols.  相似文献   

准自由支撑铝薄膜系统的制备及其特征表面形貌   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张永炬 《台州学院学报》2004,26(6):43-47

采用真空蒸发的方法在液体基底表面成功制备了具有自由支撑边界条件的金属铝薄膜系统，观察并研究了薄膜中的特征表面形貌。实验发现：铝薄膜中存在着由一块块近似为长方形的畴块连接而成的自薄膜边缘向薄膜内部区域生长的特征带状结构形貌；带状结构中畴块的最大长度和最大宽度均先随薄膜厚度的增加而增大，随后稳定变小。分析认为：这些现象是由于液体基底与固体薄膜之间的特征相互作用所致。  相似文献   

基于词库与词法的分词不一致研究     

董宇  陈小荷 《浙江教育学院学报》2008,(3):96-102

分词不一致问题一直严重影响带标注语料库的标注质量,利用词库与词法知识,可以合理地阐释分词不一致产生的根源,并结合建立的规则库、组合型歧义库、固定词表和特殊单字词表,可以解决汉语分词语料库中相同结构类型的分词不一致问题。计算机利用这些知识较好地识别出了“大＋动词（单字）”“动补结构”和“颜色词＋物体名”,召回率在96％以上,精确率在95％以上,并能根据用户的要求统一处理成“分”或“合”的形式。  相似文献   

性别歧视在英汉构词中的隐含体现     

金小梅 《孝感职业技术学院学报》2006,9(2):39-42

语言作为社会的一面镜子,反映了社会观念和社会价值。社会中的性别歧视现象也不可避免地反映到语言的使用上。文章从词法方面对英语和汉语中的性别歧视现象进行分析,并认为只要社会中的性别歧视存在,语言中的性别歧视现象就不会消失。  相似文献   

《六度集经》文本的性质与形态     

陈洪 《徐州师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2003,29(4):11-17

从文献学的角度考察,《六度集经》的文本性质属于编译,它不全是康僧会自译,其中有改写、改译现象;在长期流传过程中,其文本形态主要有三：康僧会的原编本、形成于南朝的改编本和形成于隋唐闻的新编本;演变主要体现在篇目的增加;演变的原因在于它是一部编译著作。  相似文献   

Educational Interventions to Improve Dental Anatomy Carving Ability of Dental Students: A Systematic Review     

Daniele B. Conte  Milena Zancanaro  André Guollo  Luana R. Schneider  Rafael G. Lund  Sinval A. Rodrigues-Junior 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(1):99-109

This systematic review aimed to identify the level of impact of educational strategies for teaching tooth carving on the carving ability of undergraduate dental students. The PubMed-NCBI, Cochrane-CENTRAL, LILACS, Ibecs, BBO, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched in May 2019, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two-arm non-randomized studies of interventions (NRSI) addressing educational interventions toward the dental carving of undergraduate students. Studies from the year 2000 until the search date, written in English, Portuguese, and Spanish were included. Study screening and data extraction were performed in duplicate and blinded. The data were presented narratively, considering the dental carving ability of students the primary outcome. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB tool 2.0 and ROBINS-I, and the level of evidence was determined with GRADE. Of 3,574 studies, 6 were included, with 3 RCTs and 3 NRSIs. Very low level of evidence was provided from the NRSIs that flipped classroom (1 study; n = 140) and a student-driven revised module (1 study; n = 264) improved the carving ability of students. Additionally, there was moderate evidence of online complementary material (1 RCT; n = 30) and reinforcement class improving the carving ability of students (1 RCT; n = 29). The replacement of traditional classes by an instructional DVD (1 RCT; n = 73) and assessment of carving projects through digital systems (1 NRSI; n = 79) did not enhance the carving ability of students. Study design, risk of bias, and imprecision downgraded the level of evidence. There was a very low to moderate evidence on the effectiveness of student-driven educational approaches and complementary classes of dental anatomy in improving the dental carving ability of students.  相似文献   

Preschool phonological,morphological and semantic skills explain it all: following reading development through a 9‐year period     

Solveig‐Alma Halaas Lyster  Margaret J. Snowling  Charles Hulme  Arne Ola Lervg 《Journal of Research in Reading》2021,44(1):175-188

  相似文献   

Special issue editorial: Advances in understanding the role of morphemes in literacy development     

Helen L. Breadmore  Kyle Levesque  S. Hlne Deacon 《Journal of Research in Reading》2021,44(1):1-9

  相似文献   

踏板操对职业女性身体形态、心肺功能和脂代谢的影响     

张秋君  杨世强 《北京体育大学学报》2011,34(11):76-78

研究目的:探讨踏板操的健身功效,为踏板操在健身领域中的推广提供实验依据。方法:对健身房内参加踏板操锻炼的32名职业女性锻炼前后身体形态指标、心肺功能和相关脂代谢指标进行测试。结果:1)受试者安静心率与练习前相比显著降低(P<0.05),台阶指数肺活量、用力肺活量等肺功能指标显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。2)经过6个月踏板操练习后,体重、体脂百分比、体脂重等指标都显著或极显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),瘦体重和显著升高(P<0.05)。3)受试者血清甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)水平极显著降低(P<0.01),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)水平极显著升高(P<0.01)。结论:踏板操练习可以有效改善受试者心肺功能身体成份和脂代谢水平,是一种较好的健身运动方式,可以在大众健身领域推广。  相似文献   

乙太档案论(下)——档案学思维形态探索     

李兆明 《档案管理》2011,(6):8-11

真善美思维是打开档案学真理大门的钥匙,精神实践是档案学术原始创新的重要路径,思维时空的无限性是乙太档案论的立足点,辩证唯物主义是乙太档案论的理论基础.  相似文献